Ovarian cancer is a type of gynecologic cancer that begins in the ovaries, which are responsible for producing eggs and important hormones like estrogen and progesterone. It most often develops in the outer layer of the ovary, known as the epithelial tissue. This form, called epithelial ovarian cancer, is the most common and accounts for the majority of cases. It is typically diagnosed in women after menopause, most often in those over the age of 50.
While epithelial ovarian cancer is the most common, there are other types as well. Germ cell tumors begin in the cells that produce eggs and are more likely to occur in younger women. Stromal tumors develop in the tissue that produces hormones and are less common but can sometimes be found at an earlier stage.
Ovarian cancer can be difficult to detect early because symptoms are often subtle and may be mistaken for other common conditions.
Because there are multiple types of ovarian cancer, identifying the specific type and characteristics of the tumor is an important part of diagnosis. This information helps guide treatment decisions and allows for a more personalized approach to care.
Learn more about how ovarian cancer is diagnosed.
