Endometrial cancer, often referred to as uterine cancer, is a type of gynecologic cancer that begins in the lining of the uterus, called the endometrium. It is the most common cancer of the female reproductive system. Most endometrial cancers are adenocarcinomas, which develop in the glandular cells that produce mucus and other fluids.
While adenocarcinoma is the most common type, there are several subtypes of endometrial cancer. These include endometrioid adenocarcinoma, which is the most frequently diagnosed and often grows more slowly, as well as more aggressive forms such as serous carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma. These subtypes can behave differently and may require different treatment approaches.
In addition to cancers that start in the lining of the uterus, there are less common types of uterine cancer that develop in the muscle or connective tissue of the uterus. These are called uterine sarcomas and tend to be more aggressive than endometrial cancers.
Because uterine cancer includes multiple types and subtypes, identifying the specific kind is an important part of diagnosis. This helps guide treatment decisions and ensures that each patient receives the most appropriate care based on their individual condition.
Learn more about how uterine cancer is diagnosed.
